Antibiotics- types based on mechanism of action

Inhibit cell wall synthesis- beta lactams.

Natural penicillins Penicillin G Penicillin V Benzathine P Procaine P, Penicilllinase R Methicillin Nafcillin Cloxacillin Dicloxacillin Oxacillin , Amoxicillin Ampicillin ,Antipseudomonal penicillins Ticarcillin Pipercallinalso comes in combination with Tazobactam ( Tazocin ) Carbeniclin

Cephalosporins - 1st Gen Cefadroxil Cephalexin Cephradine Cefazolin 2nd Gen Cefaclor Cefamandole Cefuroxime Cefoxitin 3 rd generation -Cefdinir Cefditoren Cefotaxime Cefpodoxime Ceftibuten Cefsulodin Cefotaxime Ceftazidime Ceftriaxone Cefixime Cefoperazone Ceftizoxime Cefteram,4th Gen CefepimeCefpiromeCefozopran ,5th Gen Ceftaroline Ceftobiprole. Similar to penicillin ( structure and mode of action ) Broader spectrum with each successive generation Limited activity against anaerobes Renal excretion About 0.5 to 6.5 % of penicillin sensitive patients will also be allergic to cephalosporins .Orally active 1st and 2nd gen cephalosporins have a similar antimicrobial activity Cefixime is an orally active 3rd gen CS Ceftriazxone - long 1/2 life and can be given once daily

Carbapenems -found in 1976 very broad spectrum resistant to B lactamases ( resist the hydrolytic action of beta-lactamase enzyme often considered antibiotics of last resort. Impipenem Meropenem Ertapenem Doripenem Impipenem + Cilastatin

Monobactams -Aztreonam -only commercially available monobactam narrow spectrum only active against Neisseria and Pseudomonas No effective against Gr +ve or anaerobes No cross reaction in...