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"Acanthosis Nigricans, a distinctive skin condition, offers more than meets the eye. This table provides a comprehensive overview, delving into what it is, its multifaceted etiology, clinical presentations, and its remarkable clinical significance. From insulin-related factors to malignancy associations, various variants, and their respective implications, this table navigates the intricate landscape of Acanthosis Nigricans, making it an invaluable resource for healthcare professionals in primary care, seeking to recognize and address underlying health conditions."
| Aspect | Key Highlights |
|---|---|
| What is it? | A velvety, darkening of the skin, usually in intertriginous areas with poorly defined borders. Common sites include the back of the neck, axilla, groin, and may involve skin thickening. Variants include benign, obesity-associated, syndromic, malignant, and more. Diagnosis is mostly clinical, with histopathology for confirmation. |
| Aetiology | Multiple factors contribute to Acanthosis Nigricans, including: - Insulin and IGF Activation - Hereditary Variants (FGFR3 mutations) - Malignancy-Associated (TGF activation) - Familial Acanthosis Nigricans (autosomal dominant) - Obesity-Associated (linked with insulin resistance) - Medication-Induced (e.g., nicotinic acid, glucocorticoids) - Endocrine Dysfunction (e.g., PCOS, hyperandrogenemia) - Acral Acanthotic Anomaly (limited to specific areas) - Malignant Acanthosis Nigricans (associated with certain cancers) - Autoimmune Acanthosis Nigricans (linked to autoimmune disorders) - Unilateral Acanthosis Nigricans (rare autosomal... |
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