Adrenaline Auto-Injectors (AAI) Information for Primary Care Clinicians

Adrenaline auto-injectors (AAIs) represent a critical intervention in the management of anaphylaxis, a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur rapidly after exposure to an allergen. Primary care clinicians are often on the front lines of prescribing and educating patients on the use of these devices, which can be the difference between life and death in acute situations.

Anaphylaxis can be triggered by various allergens, including foods, insect stings, medications, and latex, with symptoms ranging from mild skin reactions to severe respiratory and cardiovascular compromise. The swift administration of adrenaline via an auto-injector can rapidly counteract the effects of anaphylaxis by constricting blood vessels, relaxing smooth muscles in the lungs to improve breathing, stimulating the heartbeat, and reducing swelling around the face and lips.

The role of primary care clinicians extends beyond the act of prescribing AAIs; it encompasses ensuring that patients and their caregivers are thoroughly educated on the indications for use, the proper technique of administration, and the importance of carrying two injectors at all times due to the potential need for a second dose or device failure.

This document aims to provide an overview of adrenaline auto-injectors—covering their pharmacological action, indications for use, and practical...