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Chalazion is a commonly encountered eyelid condition that may present with various characteristics and risk factors. Accurate diagnosis based on physical examination and patient history is vital. The tables below serve as an elaborate guide to understanding the nuances of chalazion in a primary care setting.
| Sections | Description and Key Points |
|---|---|
| Definition | ♦ Chronic sterile lipogranuloma ♦ Arises from the obstruction of sebaceous (oil glands) of the eyelid tarsal plate. |
| Epidemiology | ♦ Affects both sexes equally ♦ Occurs across all age groups ♦ More common in upper eyelid due to a greater number of meibomian glands. |
| Associated Conditions | ♦ Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) ♦ Blepharokeratoconjunctivitis (BKC) |
| Risk Factors | • Blepharitis • Rosacea • Prior chalazion • Demodicosis: infestation by Demodex mites , often found in eyelashes • Low serum vitamin A: Vit A plays a role in maintaining the health of epithelial cells and the immune system • Gastrointestinal inflammation: conditions like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis • Smoking • Bortezomib: 1st generation proteasome inhibitor used in haematological cancer treatment • Underlying dermatological conditions: rosacea, seborrhoeic dermatitis or blepharitis can predispose to multiple or recurrent chalazion |
| Clinical Presentation | • Slowly enlarging, non-tender nodule • More common on the upper eyelid... |
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