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Criteria for excluding pregnancy

According to FSRH, health professionals can use any one or more of these criteria, in the absence of symptoms or signs of pregnancy, to be 'reasonably certain' that a woman isn't pregnant.

CriterionExplanation
No intercourse since last major reproductive eventIf the woman hasn't had intercourse since her last natural menstrual period, childbirth, abortion, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, or uterine evacuation for gestational trophoblastic disease, it's unlikely she's pregnant.
Correct and consistent use of reliable contraceptionReliable contraception, if used correctly and consistently, minimizes the chances of pregnancy. Barrier methods are included if they've been properly used for each intercourse.
First 5 days of a normal menstrual periodIf she's within the initial 5 days of her natural menstrual cycle, chances of being pregnant are very low.
Less than 21 days postpartum (for non-breastfeeding women)Pregnancy in the first 21 days after childbirth is rare, especially for non-breastfeeding women.
Fully breastfeeding, amenorrhoeic, and less than 6 months postpartumExclusive breastfeeding can act as a natural contraceptive, especially if the woman is also amenorrhoeic (not menstruating) and it's been less than 6 months since childbirth.
First 5 days after abortion, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, or uterine evacuationThe initial 5 days after...

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