Diabetes – Types

Group of metabolic disorders characterized and identified by the presence of hyperglycemia in the absence of treatment

Type 1 diabetes - beta cell destruction autoimmune process a small number may happen due to an idiopathic destruction or failure of beta cell types absolute insulin deficiency leads to persistent hyperglycemia onset usually in childhood or early adulthood

Type 2 diabetes - various degree of beta cell dysfunction & insulin resistance previously called as non-insulin dependent or adult onset diabetes serious public health concern , rapid economic development , urbanization, consumption of unhealthy diets , sedentary lifestyles etc have all contributed resulting in elevated BMI and fasting plasma glucose. Globally an estimated 462 million individuals are affected by Type 2 diabetes which was 6.28 % of the world population in 2020 Prevalence continues to rise worldwide with no signs of stabilizing yet.

Hyperglycemia which develops during pregnancy- Around 35,000 women have either pre-existing or gestational diabetes each year in England and wales Most common metabolic disorder of pregnancy.

Monogenic diabetes - due to single gene mutation account for 1 % to 2 % of cases and all forms inherited & can be misdiagnosed as Type 1 or 2 two main types○ neonatal...