Diabetes Ketoacidosis ( DKA )

Diabetic ketoacidosis ( DKA ) is a complex disordered metabolic state characterized by hyperglycaemia , acidosis and ketonaemia ( Joint British Diabetes Societies Inpatient Care Group March 2013 )

How common -Frequent and life threatening complication of type 1 diabetes DKA is also increasingly recognised in patients with type 2 diabetes Data from UK has shown that most cases of DKA were associated with type 1 DM but one in five cases of DKA were in patients with type 2 diabetes True incidence is difficult to establish Population based studies have show the range from 4.6 to 8 episodes per 1000 patients with diabetes It has near 100 % fatality if not treated or recognised Mortality rate has reduced with better understanding , recognition and treatment In US the USDSS has reported an increase in hospitalization rates for DKA during 2009-14 most notably in people < 45 In UK DKA incidence was highest for patients aged 18-24 yrs with short duration of diabetes < 1 yr It should be noted that DKA is the leading cause of mortality among children and young adults with type 1 diabetes - accounting for about 50 % of deaths in this population

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