Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) ; Ketones

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication predominantly associated with type 1 diabetes, but it can also occur in patients with type 2 diabetes, especially during periods of extreme physiological stress or acute illness. DKA is characterized by a severe imbalance in metabolism resulting from a deficiency of insulin, leading to elevated levels of blood glucose and the accumulation of ketone bodies in the blood and urine, which causes the blood to become acidic.

The significance of ketoacidosis in DKA lies in its impact on the body's biochemical processes. Without sufficient insulin, the body cannot utilize glucose for energy efficiently and begins to break down fat as an alternative source, leading to the production of ketone bodies. This process not only results in high blood glucose levels but also causes the blood to become acidic, a condition known as acidosis. This acidotic state can lead to a cascade of metabolic disturbances affecting various organ systems and, if left untreated, can result in coma or death.

For healthcare professionals advising patients with signs of high blood glucose or suspected Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), it is crucial to emphasize the importance of regular monitoring and immediate action based on specific...