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Diabetes, a prevalent condition in the UK, often brings with it a range of complications, with the eyes being particularly vulnerable. The following table offers primary care clinicians an at-a-glance guide on diabetic eye disease, encompassing its definition, manifestations, management strategies, and notably, the UK-specific screening guidelines set by the National Screening Committee (UK NSC). Familiarity with this information ensures proactive patient care, timely interventions, and optimal outcomes.
| Topic | Description/Information |
|---|---|
| Definition | Diabetic eye disease refers to a group of eye problems that people with diabetes may face as a complication of the disease. It includes diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular oedema, cataracts, and glaucoma. |
| Prevalence | Diabetic retinopathy affects up to 80% of those with diabetes for 20 years or more. Diabetic eye disease is a leading cause of blindness among adults. |
| Pathophysiology | Prolonged high blood sugar levels damage the small blood vessels in the retina, leading to diabetic retinopathy. Fluid accumulation in the macula, the central part of the retina, leads to diabetic macular oedema. Diabetics also have a higher risk of developing cataracts and glaucoma. |
| Symptoms | ♦ Based on underlying aetiology and can include ♦ Blurred or fluctuating vision ♦ Floaters or spots in vision ♦ Dark or empty areas... |
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