Dysmenorrhoea

Dysmenorrhoea or painful menstruation is a state of unpleasant cramping sensation of uterine origin ( Clinmedjournals.org )

Most commonly reported menstrual disorder in women It is thought that more than 1/2 of women who menstruate have pain for 1-2 days each month Prevalence estimates vary from 45 % to 95 % Severe pain affects 2% to 29 % It is the most common gynaecological condition in women regardless of age and nationality

Primary dysmenorrhoea- Pain with no obvious pathological pelvic disease Seen in younger women with estimates ranging from 67 % to 90 % in those aged 17-24 yrs Crampy pain in the lower abdomen before or during the menstruation

Secondary dysmenorrhoea - It is a consequence of the presence of pelvic pathology Typically affects women in their 30s and 40s Endometriosis is one of the commonest reason for secondary dysmenorrhoea

Primary dysmenorrhoea - current understanding indicates an excessive or imbalanced amount of prostanoids and possibly eicosanoids released from the endometrium during menstruation Ie excess prostaglandins at the time of endometrial sloughing Pain is a consequence of factors as - Uterus contracts frequently and dysrhythmically ( myometrial hypercontractility ) with increased basal tone and increased active pressure ,development of ischaemia...