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Elbow pain is a common clinical complaint encountered in primary care practice, and its aetiology can vary widely. Accurate diagnosis is paramount to provide appropriate treatment and management strategies for patients experiencing discomfort in this region. This table outlines the primary differentials of elbow pain, offering a concise reference guide for clinicians.
| Differential Diagnosis | Rationale |
|---|---|
| Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis) | ♦ Characterized by pain and tenderness at the lateral epicondyle, often associated with repetitive use of the forearm extensor muscles. |
| Golfer's Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis) | ♦ Pain and tenderness at the medial epicondyle, typically due to overuse of forearm flexor muscles. |
| Olecranon Bursitis | ♦ Swelling and tenderness over the olecranon bursa at the posterior aspect of the elbow. |
| Cubital Tunnel Syndrome | ♦ Numbness, tingling, and pain in the ulnar distribution due to compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow. |
| Radial Tunnel Syndrome | ♦ Radial nerve compression at the proximal forearm causing pain and weakness in the forearm and hand. |
| Elbow Fracture | ♦ Trauma may lead to fractures of the humerus, radius, or ulna, resulting in significant pain, swelling, and deformity. |
| Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) Injury (Ulnar Collateral Ligament Sprain or Tear) | ♦ Common in athletes, especially baseball pitchers, and causes pain... |
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