Endometrial carcinoma

Endometrial cancer- uterine cancer arising from the innermost layer of the uterus

Use of Oral contraceptives is considered to have a protective effect and studies have shown that the lower risk may be limited to women with + 5 yrs of OC use and this may persist for 20 yrs after stopping use of OC.

Unopposed oestrogen exposure -it is thought that oestrogen leads to endometrial hyperplasia -dysplasi and later carcinoma - Increased oestrogen in conditions as obesity ,metabolic syndrome , diabetes -adipose tissue converts androgens to oestrogen.

Functional layer of endometrium is hormone sensitive and excess oestrogen can lead to endometrial hyperplasia -causes increased sloughing of the endomEtrial tissue through endometrial canal into vagina -hence HMB or bleeding after menopause.

Screening is not recommended for asymptomatic women ( lack of evidence of using TVS or endometrial sampling ) American Cancer Society recommends that women > 65 should be advised about risks and symptoms of Ca endometrium Classified into 2 types.

Type 1 Most common form Associated with unopposed oestrogen stimulation Called as endometrioid adenocarcinoma Oestrogen dependent Responsible for 70% to 80 % of new cases Often seen in obese women with evidence of endogenous oestrogen excess

Type 2 More...