Enuresis ( Bedwetting )

Enuresis refers to the involuntary loss of urine during sleep that occurs at least twice a week in children older than 5 yrs of age ( or the developmental equivalent ) for atleast 3 months ( NE- denoted nocturnal enuresis )

Monssymptomatic , Non-monosymptomatic , primary and secondary-Primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis ( PMNE ) is the most commonly seen variant

How common -Widespread and common condition Prevalence of NE is generally quoted as20 % at 5 yrs of age5 % at age 10 yrs0.1 to 1 % among teenagers / young adults Prevalence similar across cultures More common in boys with a ratio of 3 :1- this difference tends to reduce after 10 yrs of age NE - seems to be associated with psychological and behavioral comorbidities such as ADHD , ASD, anxiety , depression and constipation

Aetiology -Cause is not fully understood - a complex disorder Several disturbances and predisposing factors NE is generally associated with◘ fragmented sleep◘ lower proportions of motionless sleep◘ higher night-time wakening Hereditary factors - clearly play a role◘ if one of the parents or their immediate relatives has suffered from bed wetting the chance ↑↑ es to 44 % and if both parents have...