Epididymal cyst

An epididymal cyst is a sac-like formation within the epididymis filled with clear liquid.

Feature	Description
Nature	♦ Benign, fluid-filled, thin-walled cysts. ♦ Spermatocele is similar but contains fluid and sperm cells.
Location	♦ Posterior to the testis, usually in the upper or lower pole of the epididymis. ♦ Spermatoceles form on the epididymis.
Prevalence	About 30% of men have one or more epididymal cysts.
Presentation	Persistent hemiscrotal swelling, usually painless. May give a dragging sensation depending on size.
Symptoms	No systemic symptoms like weight loss or back pain. The cyst may be slightly tender.
Differentiation	Hard to differentiate from spermatoceles by physical exam or ultrasound.
Diagnosis	Clinical in most cases; ultrasonography if palpation of testis is impossible or complex mass palpated
Differential Diagnosis	cystadenocarcinoma , sperm granuloma, hydrocele, inguinoscrotal hernia, and spermatocele.
Treatment Necessity	Most do not require treatment.
Treatment Methods	Aspiration is not recommended due to fluid re-accumulation. Surgery can be an option but may affect fertility.
Post-Treatment Outcome	The testicle may feel bulkier than before after surgery.
Significance	Epididymal cysts and spermatoceles do not interfere with reproduction and are not cancerous.
Additional Notes	♦ Epididymal cysts can be unilocular (single sac) or multilocular (multiple sacs). ♦ Spermatocele...

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