Geographic tongue ( Benign migratory glossitis )

Geographic tongue, clinically known as benign migratory glossitis, is a benign condition predominantly affecting the tongue, although occasionally it may appear on other parts of the oral mucosa. The name "geographic" is derived from the map-like patterns created by well-defined, erythematous patches, which often migrate over time. Despite its striking appearance, the condition is largely harmless and usually asymptomatic.

The aetiology of geographic tongue is not completely understood, and its clinical features are diverse, thus necessitating differential diagnosis from other conditions like leukoplakia, lichen planus, and oral candidiasis. In general practice and dental settings, it's not uncommon for patients to present with this condition, often seeking clarification or reassurance due to the unusual appearance of the lesions.