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Haematological Diseases : Summary of Important Skin Manifestations

The skin can often be a window to underlying haematological diseases, manifesting with various dermatological signs. These manifestations can range from subtle rashes to more severe, systemic skin lesions that may indicate malignancies or immune system dysregulation. Recognizing these signs in primary care is essential, as they can guide the diagnosis of serious underlying conditions such as leukemia, lymphoma, or other hematologic abnormalities. The following table provides a concise overview of common skin presentations linked to haematological diseases, aiding clinicians in their evaluation and decision-making process.


Condition Presentation Significance
Mycosis Fungoides (Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma) Erythematous, scaly patches and plaques, typically on non-sun-exposed areas like the buttocks or thighs. Tumor formation and widespread skin involvement may occur in later stages. Most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Early diagnosis is crucial as it may progress over time.
Leukemia Cutis Red to violaceous papules, nodules, or plaques that may ulcerate, occurring anywhere on the body and may mimic infections or inflammatory dermatoses. Often indicates disease progression, occurring when leukemic cells infiltrate the skin.
Sweet's Syndrome (Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis) Sudden onset of painful, erythematous plaques or nodules, often on the face, neck, and upper extremities. Accompanied by fever and systemic symptoms. Associated...

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