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In the realm of diabetes management, the plethora of acronyms representing different classes of hypoglycemic agents can be bewildering. From DPP-4 inhibitors to SGLT2 inhibitors, the medical jargon is vast and occasionally overwhelming, even for seasoned healthcare professionals. The provided table serves as a quick reference guide, systematically presenting the main classes of both oral and injectable hypoglycemic agents alongside their mechanisms of action. By breaking down these complex terminologies into a structured format, this table aims to offer clarity, aiding in more informed decision-making and ensuring optimal patient care. Whether you're a novice or an expert, having this reference at your fingertips can be a valuable asset in navigating the intricate landscape of diabetes therapeutics.
| Class of Medication | Mechanism of Action |
|---|---|
| Oral Hypoglycemic Agents | |
| Biguanides (e.g., Metformin) | Decreases hepatic glucose production and increases muscle glucose uptake. |
| Sulfonylureas (e.g., Glipizide, Glibenclamide) | Stimulate insulin release from pancreatic beta cells. |
| Thiazolidinediones (e.g., Rosiglitazone, Pioglitazone) | Improve insulin sensitivity in muscle and adipose tissue and inhibit hepatic glucose production. |
| DPP-4 Inhibitors (e.g., Sitagliptin, Alogliptin) | Inhibit the DPP-4 enzyme, leading to increased levels of incretin hormones, enhancing insulin secretion, and reducing glucagon release. |
| SGLT2 Inhibitors (e.g., Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin) | Inhibit sodium-glucose co-transporter 2, leading to increased... |
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