Hypothesis testing

Hypothesis testing is a statistical procedure used to determine whether there is enough evidence to support a claim about a population. It is a fundamental tool in scientific research, and it is used in a wide variety of fields, including medicine, psychology, and economics.

Types of hypothesis testing

There are two main types of hypothesis testing: null hypothesis testing and alternative hypothesis testing.

• Null hypothesis testing is used to test the claim that there is no difference between two or more groups or that there is no relationship between two variables. In medical research, the null hypothesis is often that a new treatment is no better than the standard treatment or that a new drug does not cause harm.

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• Alternative hypothesis testing is used to test the claim that there is a difference between two or more groups or that there is a relationship between two variables. In medical research, the alternative hypothesis is often that the new treatment is better than the standard treatment or that the new drug does cause harm.

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Let us review some key terms to understand when we are studying the topic of hypothesis testing