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Female infertility is a multifaceted issue that can arise from various underlying causes. The primary categories of female infertility include ovulatory disorders, tubal factors, endometriosis, and other medical conditions. Each of these categories encompasses specific conditions that can significantly impact a woman's ability to conceive.
| Category | Description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Ovulatory Disorders | Conditions affecting the release of eggs from the ovaries, responsible for ~25-40% of infertility cases. | - Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - Hypothalamic Dysfunction (due to stress, weight changes, etc.) - Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) - Hyperprolactinemia (high prolactin levels) |
| Tubal Factors | Blockage or damage to the fallopian tubes, preventing sperm and egg from meeting, accounts for ~15-20% of cases. | - Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) - Previous surgeries causing adhesions - Congenital tubal abnormalities |
| Endometriosis | Growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, causing inflammation, adhesions, and anatomical distortions. | - Pelvic adhesions - Tubal blockages - Ovulatory dysfunction due to endometrial lesions |
| Uterine and Cervical Factors | Issues with the structure or function of the uterus or cervix that interfere with sperm passage or implantation. | - Uterine fibroids - Congenital uterine anomalies (e.g., septate or bicornuate uterus) - Cervical stenosis - Poor cervical mucus quality |
| Other Medical and Endocrine... |
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