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This comprehensive table includes a summary row that provides an overview of the increased risks associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and emphasizes the importance of genetic testing and counselling in the context of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer.
Inheriting harmful variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2 significantly increases the risk of breast and ovarian cancers. These risks are considerably higher than those in the general population, underscoring the importance of genetic testing and counseling for individuals with a family history or clinical indications of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. Additionally, the specific mutation, as well as other individual and environmental factors, can influence the actual risk faced by each person.
| Aspect | BRCA1 Gene | BRCA2 Gene |
|---|---|---|
| Function | Tumor suppressor gene | Tumor suppressor gene |
| Genomic Structure | 24 exons, encodes a large protein (1,863 AA) | 27 exons, encodes an even larger protein (3,418 AA) |
| Hereditary Breast Cancer Risk | High risk with mutations | High risk with mutations |
| Breast Cancer Risk | 55%–72% by 70–80 years of age, depending on the mutation | 45%–69% by 70–80 years of age, depending on the mutation |
| Ovarian Cancer Risk | 39%–44% by 70–80 years of age, depending on the mutation | 11%–17% by 70–80 years of age, depending on the mutation |
| Inheritance... |
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