Lithium monitoring

Lithium remains a cornerstone in the management of bipolar disorder and other mood disorders, offering significant therapeutic benefits. However, its use requires meticulous monitoring due to its narrow therapeutic index and potential for toxicity. Adequate monitoring of lithium levels and patient health is crucial for ensuring both the efficacy and safety of lithium therapy.

The primary objective of lithium monitoring is to maintain plasma levels within the therapeutic range.

1. General Lithium Plasma Level (0.6 mmol/L to 1 mmol/L):

   • The recommended therapeutic range for lithium is typically between 0.6 mmol/L and 1 mmol/L. This range is established to maximize therapeutic benefits while minimizing the risk of toxicity.
   • Staying within this range is crucial because lithium has a narrow therapeutic index, meaning that the effective dose is close to the toxic dose.
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2. For First-Time Lithium Users (0.6–0.8 mmol/L):

   • A serum lithium level of 0.6–0.8 mmol/L is generally targeted for individuals starting lithium treatment.
   • This slightly lower target range can help in minimizing side effects and toxicity risks in patients who have not been previously exposed to lithium.
   • It allows for a gradual introduction of the medication, giving the body time to adjust, and provides an opportunity to monitor how the patient responds...