Ovarian Cysts-Premenopausal

A generally accepted definition of an ovarian cyst is a fluid containing structure more than 30 mm in diameter

How common ? Incidence of detection has increased due to increased use of transvaginal ultrasound and computed tomography In pre-menopausal women almost all ovarian masses and cysts are benign Overall incidence of a symptomatic ovarian cyst in a pre-menopausal women being malignant is approximately 1 : 1000 increasing to 3 : 1000 at the age of 50 Ten percent of suspected ovarian masses are ultimately found to be non-ovarian By the age of 65 yrs 4 % of all the women in England and Wales will have been admitted to hospital due to a functional ovarian cyst

Type of adnexal masses

Benign ovarian-functional cysts endometriomas serous cystadenoma mucinous cystadenoma

Benign non-ovarian -paratubal cysts hydrosalpinges tubo-ovarian abscess peritoneal pesudocysts appendiceal abscess diverticular abscess pelvic kidney

Primary malignant -Germ cell tumour epithelial carcinoma sex-cord tumour

Secondary malignant -Predominantly breast and gastrointestinal carcinoma

Risk factors ovarian cancer-age ( 3 fold increase in perimenopausal women aged 45-50 ) personal h/o breast cancer family h/o breast or ovarian cancer ( 1st° relative ) BRCA1 or BRCA2 fgene carrier obesity hormone replacement therapy endometriosis hereditary nonpolyposis colon...