Research Variables in Medical Statistics

In medical research, understanding and accurately classifying research variables is fundamental for the design, analysis, and interpretation of studies. Research variables are elements or characteristics that researchers measure, manipulate, or control within a study. These variables can significantly impact the results and conclusions drawn from the research. Broadly, research variables in medical statistics can be categorized into two primary types: Independent Variables and Dependent Variables. Additionally, they can be classified based on their level of measurement: Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio. Each type of variable plays a distinct role in research and requires appropriate statistical methods for analysis.

They can be classified into two main categories:

Independent Variables

Independent variables are those that are manipulated or changed by the researcher. They are also known as explanatory variables or predictor variables. In medical research, independent variables are often exposures or risk factors that might influence the occurrence of a disease or condition. For example, in a study investigating the relationship between smoking and lung cancer, smoking would be considered an independent variable.

Dependent Variables

Dependent variables are those that are measured or observed to see how they change in response to the independent variable. They are also known as outcome variables...