Retinal detachment

Separation of the neurosensory retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium with accumulation of subretinal fluid and loss of retinal functionAcute retinal detachment is usually preceded by a symptomatic separation of the posterior vitreous from the retina , a posterior vitreous detachment ( PVD ) giving rise to tractional retinal breaks ( retinal tears )Symptoms of PVD include light flashes and floaters and such patients are at high risk pf retinal detachment

Risk factors- Increasing age Myopia Family history Previous history Eye trauma ( not head ) Previous cataract surgery RD on other eye Proliferative diabetic retinopathy Inflammatory conditions Malignancy Congenital eye disease

Presentation- Photopsia ( recent onset ) ○ common initially○ perception of light not attributable to an incident light○ usually described as recurrent brief flashes in the temporal peripheral field , but can occur anywhere New onset floaters○ caused by vitreous opacities casting shadows on the retina○ perception of mobile dots , lines , or haze Sudden onset painless and usually progressive visual field loss○ visual field defect is opposite the site of detachment because of optical inversion of images○ described as " dark curtain" or shadow appearing 1st in the periphery and moving to centre over hrs...