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The table below provides a rapid overview of the differential diagnoses for scalp lumps in adults. It covers a range of conditions, from benign cysts like sebaceous and epidermoid cysts to more severe entities such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. For each condition, a brief description, the typical diagnostic approaches, and general management strategies are outlined. This table aims to serve as a quick reference for clinicians working in primary care, aiding in the differential diagnosis and subsequent management of adult patients presenting with scalp lumps. It is crucial to consider these differentials and proceed with the appropriate diagnostic tests and management plans, particularly to rule out malignant conditions.
| Condition | Description | Diagnostic Approach | Management |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sebaceous Cyst | Benign encapsulated cysts filled with sebum. Often moveable and non-tender. | Clinical diagnosis; Ultrasound can confirm. | Excision if symptomatic or cosmetically concerning. |
| Lipoma | Benign fatty tissue growths under the skin, soft and pliable. | Clinical diagnosis; Ultrasound or MRI may be used. | Surgical removal only if symptomatic. |
| Epidermoid Cyst | Similar to sebaceous cysts but originate from epidermal cells. | Clinical diagnosis; Ultrasound for confirmation. | Surgical excision. |
| Dermatofibroma | Firm, hyperpigmented nodules that are generally benign. | Clinical diagnosis; Biopsy for histology if uncertain. | Usually no treatment;... |
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