Testicular pain

The term " Acute scrotum " is an umbrella term which describes a constellation of new onset pain , swelling , and / or tenderness of intrascrotal contents

Ischaemic testicular torsion

torsion of testicular appendages

testicular infarction ( compressive hydrocele or hernia ) or other vascular insult ( cord injury , thrombosis )

Traumatic testicular rupture

testicular contusion

intratesticular haematoma

hematocele

tears of the albuginea

laceration of testis

fractures

following any surgery on the genital area or the scrotum including post-vasectomy , herniorrhaphy , varicocelectomy, orchidopexy , needle biopsy of the testis , semen aspiration for infertility procedures

Infectious epididymitis

epididymorochitis

orchitis

testicular abscess ( for e.g, complication of bacterial epididymoorchitis in adults , undiagnosed torsion , trauma or consequence of a systemic infection as scarlet fever , influenza , typhoid fever in children )

gangrenous infections ( Fournier's gangrene or spontaneous gangrene - a necrotizing infection with direct involvement of or 2ary extension into scrotum )

Referred / neuropathic uretheral stone

hernias -obstructed / strangulated inguinal hernias

Inflammatory- Henoch-Schönlein purpura ( acute systemic vasculitis , its non-renal genitourinary manifestation can include scrotal & and swelling )

fat necrosis

thrombophlebitis of the pampiniform plexus

Miscellaneous spermatocele ( extra-testicular spherical cyst...