Urinary Tract Infection ( UTI ) in children

Diagnosis- Infants and children with unexplained fever- of 38° or higher- check urine to r/o UTI within 24 hrs Check urine in cases of unexplained fever Infants and children - UTI is suspected check urine UTI can be difficult to diagnose particularly in children < 2-3 yrs Presentation can be non specific and - use below as a guide to presentation of UTI in children

Urine sampling -For a definitive diagnosis - a positive result from urine culture is required which can be - invasive and non-invasive♦ suprapubic aspirate ( SPA )♦ bladder catheterization♦ bag applied to perineum♦ clean catch midstream specimen ( CCM ) Urine collection pads can be used for infants Refrigerate the sample in a boric acid container if it cannot be cultured within 4 hrs

Urine culture-acute pyelonephritis / upper UrTr infection high to intermediate risk of serious illness younger than 3 yrs of age a single + ve result for leucocyte esterase or nitrite recurrent UTI an infection that does not respond to treatment within 24-48 hrs when clinical symptoms and dipstick do not correlate

Definitions -UTI is an illness caused by micro-organisms in the UrTr◘ lower UTI - is cystitis which affects bladder and...