Vitamin B12 deficiency: recognition and diagnosis NICE 2023

eThe chart titled "Anaemia - Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency Assessment" provides a comprehensive guide for evaluating individuals suspected of having deficiencies in vitamin B12 or folate. Anaemia resulting from insufficient levels of these essential nutrients can lead to various health complications, making accurate assessment crucial.

The chart begins by highlighting the significance of vitamin B12 and folate in red blood cell production and overall health. It then presents a step-by-step approach to assess individuals with suspected deficiencies:

1. Clinical History: The assessment process commences with a detailed clinical history, aiming to identify risk factors such as dietary habits, medical conditions, medications, and family history. Symptoms like fatigue, weakness, pale skin, and tingling sensations can offer valuable clues.

2. Physical Examination: A thorough physical examination can reveal signs of anaemia, such as pallor, jaundice, and glossitis (inflamed tongue). Neurological symptoms like numbness or difficulty walking may indicate advanced deficiency.

3. Complete Blood Count (CBC): A CBC is crucial to evaluate the overall blood picture, including hemoglobin levels, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and red blood cell indices. A low MCV suggests a macrocytic anaemia, which can be indicative of B12 or folate deficiency.

4. Serum Vitamin B12 and Folate Levels: Measuring serum levels of vitamin...