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Premature ejaculation (PE) is a prevalent male sexual dysfunction characterized by ejaculation that occurs before or shortly after vaginal penetration, leading to distress and dissatisfaction in sexual relationships. The condition affects approximately 20% to 30% of men at some point in their lives, making it a significant concern in primary care settings (Eid, 2023; Saitz & ÅžerefoÄŸlu, 2016).
The causes of PE can be summarised as
| Category | Cause | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Psychological Factors | Anxiety | Particularly about sexual performance, leading to a cycle of distress that impairs sexual function. |
| Stress | General stress can exacerbate PE by affecting mental focus and physical responses. | |
| Depression | Mood disorders influencing sexual desire and performance, contributing to PE. | |
| Relationship Problems | Interpersonal issues increasing anxiety and reducing sexual satisfaction, leading to PE. | |
| Early Sexual Experiences or Trauma Past experiences impacting current sexual function through psychological associations. | Past experiences impacting current sexual function through psychological associations. | |
| Strict Upbringing Regarding Sex | May lead to guilt or anxiety during sexual activity, contributing to PE. | |
| Biological Factors | Abnormal Hormone Levels ↑↓ | Imbalances in thyroid hormones, prolactin, or testosterone affecting sexual function. |
| Neurotransmitter Imbalance Particularly serotonin levels affecting ejaculatory control. | Particularly serotonin levels affecting ejaculatory control. | |
| Inflammation or Infection | Of the prostate or... |
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